O Estrangeiro dentro da Equipa de Trabalho: Adaptação

Cada vez mais jovens capazes de se adaptarem rapidamente às novas condições estão a entrar no mercado de trabalho. Mas o próprio mercado de trabalho torna-se tão diverso que os candidatos precisam de muita energia para encontrar a sua própria equipa. Assim, o problema da adaptação torna-se todo o acúrito.

Os psicólogos distinguem três fases de adaptação de um novo empregado:

A primeira fase - o período de adaptação aguda - dura 1-2 meses e, como regra, coincide com o período de estágio. Enquanto o candidato se esforça por causar a máxima impressão, a sua capacidade de trabalho é reduzida em 50-60% precisamente devido ao stress associado à adaptação.

The manager must listen to the objections of the buyer, take them into account, and ask clarifying questions. Only after that, the manager can give arguments in favor of the product of the company. He or she can say, "You're right, the issue of the price is really important for both you and our company. Can you, please, clarify if you compare with some other price or are there other reasons?" Depending on the answer, the manager must give 2-3 arguments in favor of your company's product.

Com a idade de 30 a 40 anos, as pessoas são mais cautelosas na sua comunicação primária, ouvem mais a opinião dos líderes e apercebem-se do seu papel e dos horizontes da carreira na nova organização.

A partir dos 40 anos até à idade da reforma, os empregados estão confiantes na sua perícia e podem cometer o erro de esmagar todos com a sua autoridade mesmo antes de ganharem qualquer autoridade aos olhos dos colegas.

The acute phase of adaptation is replaced by the "phase of optimism". This happens 3-4 months after employment. The former applicant starts considering him/herself to be one of the team and is used to job duties. However, not always the team gets used to the new employee by this time enough to forgive misunderstanding in the intricacies of corporate relationships or professional mistakes.

How quickly the team will accept the beginner is unpredictable. Both psychologists and career advisers do not have a common opinion on this matter. In the opinion of Olivia Herrera, a business psychologist, the time required for getting used to a newcomer might be from two weeks to a month. Nancy Richards is convinced that the time is much longer – about a year and a half. "In bureaucratic systems, it can be up to six months but in a small business, a candidate can be integrated into the company in a week," –replies Ethan Hill, career coach consultant and head of Castony Career Development.

Six months after getting the job, the employee enters the "period of secondary adaptation". Some psychologists believe that this is not even an adaptation, but a consolidation within the team. Rules and internal etiquette have already been learned, the workflow is regular, the employee mentally associates him/herself with the rest of the team. By this time a person successfully completes professional (the skills and specificity of the work are learned), psycho-physiological (learns the rhythm of work, safety techniques), socio-psychological (in one way or the other he or she joins the team) and organizational adaptation (learns to correlate his or her work and team’s work).

Being a newcomer to a PR company and a factory are two different things. Adapting in factory teams is more difficult because they formed their corporate culture for years. In addition, in such teams, a certain patriarchal order or even "dynasty" can form.

"There are industries or functional groups with a high communication index, where communication is easier and closer; they are media, commerce, marketing, and PR. In production and heavy equipment industry, adaptation takes more time," - adds Ethan Hill.

"Adaptation in a team is easier if the company is young enough and flexible, with clear rules and a single conceptual apparatus. As a rule, such teams are formed in banking, consulting, and development," – believes Nancy Richards.

A special place is occupied by any creative collectives. "It's like the corps de ballet: every dancer feels more talented than a prima ballerina. Therefore, entering into such groups is most difficult. Every new person here is, first of all, a future star and accepted with hostility, "says Nancy Richards.

The easiest to adapt in are IT-teams. Employees in them "speak the same language" and immediately form a separate caste.